英语的比较级

light的比较级lighter(更轻的)
英语里形容词的比较级有三个等级,即原级(positive degree),比较级(comparative degree)和最高级(superlative degree) 。
一般来说,表示“等于”时用原级,它的结构是as 原级 as 。如:I'm as tall as my twin brother 。我和我的双胞胎哥哥一样高 。表示二者的比较时用比较级,它的结构是比较级 than 。如:My father is younger than my uncle 。
我的父亲比我的伯父年轻 。4 。7 形容词与副词的比较级
大多数形容词(性质形容词)和副词有比较级和最高级的变化,即原级、比较级和最高级,用来表示事物的等级差别 。原级即形容词的原形,比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种 。
1) 规则变化
单音节词和少数双音节词,加词尾-er,-est来构成比较级和最高级 。
构成法 原级 比较级 最高级
一般单音节词 tall(高的) taller tallest
未尾加-er,-est great(巨大的) greater greatest
以不发音的e结尾 nice(好的) nicer nicest
的单音词和少数 large(大的) larger largest
以- le结尾的双 able(有能力的) abler ablest
音节词只加-r,-st
以一个辅音字母 big(大的) bigger biggest
结尾的闭音节单 hot热的) hotter hottest
音节词,双写结
尾的辅音字母,
再加-er,-est
"以辅音字母 y" easy(容易的) easier easiest
结尾的双音节词,busy(忙的) busier busiest
改y为i,再加
-er,-est
少数以-er,-ow clever(聪明的) cleverer cleverest
结尾的双音节词 narrow(窄的) narrower narrowest
未尾加-er,-est
其他双音节词和 important(重要的)
多音节词,在前 more important
面加more,most most important
来构成比较级和 easily(容易地)
最高级 。
more easily
most easily
2) 不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good(好的)/ better best
well(健康的)
bad (坏的)/ worse worst
ill(有病的)
old (老的) older/elder oldest/eldest
much/many(多的) more most
little(少的) less least
far (远的) farther/further farthest/furthest
4 。
8 as形容词或副词原级as
1)在否定句或疑问句中可用so… as 。
He cannot run so/as fast as you 。
2)当as… as 中间有名词时采用以下格式 。
as形容词a单数名词
asmany/much名词
This is as good an example as the other is 。
I can carry as much paper as you can 。
3)用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时,放在as的前面 。
This room is twice as big as that one 。
Your room is the same size as mine 。
4) 倍数asadj 。as倍数thenof
This bridge is three times as long as that one 。
This bridge is three times the length of that one 。
Your room is twice as large as mine 。
Your room is twice the size of mine 。
4 。9 比较级形容词或副词than
You are taller than I 。
They lights in your room are as bright as those in mine 。
注意:
1)要避免重复使用比较级 。
(错) He is more cleverer than his brother 。
(对) He is more clever than his brother 。
(对) He is clever than his brother 。
2)要避免将主语含在比较对象中 。
(错) China is larger that any country in Asia 。
(对) China is larger than any other countries in Asia 。
3)要注意对应句型,遵循前后一致的原则 。
The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing 。
It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out 。
4)要注意冠词的使用,后有名词的时候,前面才有可能有名词 。
比较:Which is large, Canada or Australia?
Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia?


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